关键词:周易;中国古代数学; 数学的起源; 数学问题
?The affect of Zhouyi on ancient Chinese mathematics
LE Ai-guo
(Institute of Science of Religion, Department of Philosophy, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China)
Abstract: It can be seen by analyzing the important works of the history of ancient Chinese mathematics,Zhouyi used to be regarded as the earliest origin of the development of mathematics by ancient mathematicians. Moreover, in some important mathematic works, mathematicians took advantage of notions related in Zhouyi to explain mathematic issues. They had made deep research on the mathematic issues in Zhouyi and obtained important achievements. All of these aspects are enough to manifest that Zhouyi had exerted important affects on the development of ancient mathematics.
Key words: Zhouyi; ancient Chinese mathematics; origin of mathematics; mathematic issues
中国古代数学自汉代《九章算术》形成体系,发展至宋元时期达到高峰,期间出现了不少重要的数学著作。汉唐时期有“算经十书”,除《九章算术》之外,还有《周髀算经》、《海岛算经》、《五曹算经》、《孙子算经》、《夏侯阳算经》、《张丘建算经》、《五经算术》、《缀术》、《缉古算经》,以及《数术记遗》;宋元时期有数学四大家,包括秦九韶撰《数书九章》,李冶撰《测圆海镜》,杨辉撰《详解九章算法》、《杨辉算法》等,朱世杰撰《四元玉鉴》。宋元之后,明代有著名数学家程大位撰《算法统宗》,等等。虽然《周易》算不上是一部专门的数学著作,但是,它作为古代重要典籍,尤其是作为儒家经典,流传于世,对于中国古代数学具有重要的影响。研究自汉代《九章算术》至宋元时期以及明代的数学发展可以看出,那些流传久远的重要的数学著作中大都留存着《周易》影响的痕迹。